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<details>
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<summary>
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### Big Data
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</summary>
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In ‘What is (a) Digital Society?’ there was one module in which we introduced the term ‘big data’, and this was further picked up in ‘Working with Big Data’. ‘Big data’ as a term started to be used in the 1990s, but really accelerated after 2007. Very simply, the term refers to large volumes of data of different types (numbers, text, images, etc.) that cannot be collected or analysed in a reasonable length of time by hand or by using conventional data analysis tools. Big data promises to contribute to solving major societal problems, for example, in health care or related to the climate crisis. But it also comes with risks, to individual privacy and to the reliability of knowledge.
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- See also entry about bias and the book by Cathy O’Neil, and Wyatt, S. (2022). Critical (Big) Data Studies. In D. Cressman (Ed.), The Necessity of Critique: Andrew Feenberg and the Philosophy of Technology (pp. 127–142). Springer. (in UM Library)
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Summary provided by Sally Wyatt, based on the sources cited.
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</details>
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<details>
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<summary>
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### Critical Making (see *design thinking* in methods)
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</summary>
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... | ... | @@ -611,7 +625,7 @@ Summary provided by Monika Barget (History), based on the sources cited. |
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<details>
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<summary>
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### Technological determinism
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### Technological Determinism
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</summary>
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